Hypertension

=Hypertension=

What it is
**Aim for:**
 * = **Category** ||= **Systolic (mmHg)** ||= **Diastolic** **(mmHg)** ||
 * = Normal ||= <120 ||= <80 ||
 * = High-Normal ||= 120-139 ||= 80-89 ||
 * = Hypertension ||=  ||=   ||
 * = //Grade 1// ||= 140-159 ||= 90-99 ||
 * = //Grade 2// ||= 160-179 ||= 100-109 ||
 * = //Grade 3// ||= >180 ||= >110 ||
 * = Isolated Systolic ||= >140 ||= <90 ||

<140/90 mmHg (  ↓ CVD complications) <130/85 mmHg in diabetics/renal disease <125/75 mmHg if proteinuria >1g/day

How to Treat
Try lifestyle modifications first, and if they are not sufficient to lower blood pressure, then __add__ drug therapy.

- weight reduction - DASH diet (fruit, vegetables, low fat dairy, reduced total/saturated fat) - Reduce dietary salt - Moderate alcohol consumption - Smoking cessation - Sleep apnoea
 * Lifestyle Modifications:**

- low dose thiazide diuretic OR - low dose dihydropyridine CCB - add ACEi/thiazide or CCB until target BP achieved
 * If age >55yrs or black (any age) and no contraindications:**

- low dose ACEi - consider beta-blocker if ACEi or ARB contraindicated - add ACEi/thiazide or CCB until target BP
 * If age < 55yrs and no contraindications:**

Additional Resources
[|NPS - Hypertension:] contains a list of resources found on the NPS website [|Hypertension (handout).pdf]
 * Lecture Notes:**